A Reddit post that went viral spurred debate around seat-swapping on flights and issues of fairness, entitlement and airplane etiquette.
The "finally said no" poster in the "r/delta" forum shared their experience with a couple asking to swap seats so they could sit together.
Describing themselves as a lifelong "people pleaser," the poster explained they’d often agreed other times. But this time, they weren’t interested in giving up their aisle seat for a middle one.
“I looked at this woman and her husband and simply said, ‘no thanks,’” they wrote.
“The look on her face! You would’ve thought I slapped her.”
Despite some initial guilt, the poster maintained their decision as the couple’s behavior and comments "steeled my nerves." The woman, on the verge of tears, stated that her trip would be "absolutely awful" without her husband beside her.
The debate
The story drew significant attention. Commenters applauded the decision and shared similar experiences, suggesting that the couple could have paid for seat selection and that there should be mutual benefit when switching seats. One commenter also wrote, “If you’re brave enough to ask, you have to be brave enough to handle a NO."
The post highlights how passengers broadly view personal boundaries on flights. While some view these requests as innocent and situational, others argue they’re presumptuous — especially when made without offering a comparable seat or when the seats weren’t selected in advance. It’s often about asserting personal comfort and agency in a high-stress, confined environment.
"The person making the request has no right to expect [this] or make a scene when they don’t get their way,” etiquette expert Rosalinda Randall told Fox News.
Randall pointed out the circumstances when it might be reasonable or only mildly inconvenient to switch: during a short flight, when there’s a comparable seat elsewhere or if you’d prefer to sit apart from your current neighbor.
Similarly, a commenter said they would only give up their seat for a person bumped from another flight and consequently split up from their child or someone with special needs.
To avoid the discomfort of being asked to switch seats or feeling pressured to ask someone to switch for you, it’s important to plan ahead. Remember, while consumer rights vary by airline, typically, seat assignments aren’t guaranteed unless reserved.
Here are some tips to get your preferred seating arrangement:
Book early. The earlier you book your flight, the better your chances of selecting desirable seats, especially when traveling with others.
Use seat selection tools. Most airlines offer online seat maps from which to choose seats during booking or check-in.
Join loyalty programs. Frequent flyer status can offer you early seat selection access, preferred seating options or complimentary upgrades.
Pay for preferred seats. If sitting together is important, consider the upgrade fee for guaranteed adjacent seats.
How to navigate the conversation smoothly
Despite best efforts, the switching question can still come up. But seat-swapping doesn’t have to be tense. Come from a place of humility and understanding. If you’re asking, do so politely and, obviously, never with the assumption that someone is obligated to accommodate you.
Likewise, if you’re asked and feel uncomfortable responding, remember, you’re entitled to the seat you booked. Standing your ground and advocating for yourself will bring you peace of mind.
You can be kind and respectful yet firm and assertive, without guilt. Short, direct responses are usually best, and you don’t owe anyone an explanation. Here are a few polite yet assured things to say:
“No, thank you — I prefer to keep this seat,” is concise and clear.
“I specifically booked this seat,” indicates your choice wasn’t random.
“Sorry, but I’m not comfortable switching,” courteously sets a boundary.
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Pets change our lives for the better, and not just because they’re fuzzy, tail wagging bundles of unconditional love. According to the Human Animal Bond Research Institute (HABRI), pets foster connection and community, encourage mindfulness, focus and healthy habits and support resilience and recovery.
But, pet parenthood gets expensive when you factor in food, vaccinations and grooming. That doesn’t even include the cost of giving them the best treats, toys and veterinary care (and we know you’ll want to).
Being pet parents ourselves, we’ve come up with eight tried and tested tips to help save you money while you spoil your pet.
1. Buy in bulk
Tyler Olson/Shutterstock Bulk pet food at store
Save money by bulk-buying items with a long shelf life or that won’t expire. These items include puppy pee training pads, poop bags, cat litter, cat toys, canned food, dry food and bedding for small animals.
If the thought of lugging home oversized packages makes your back hurt, check online retailers, such Amazon, where these goods can be delivered right to your front door. It you’re an Amazon Prime member, you’ll enjoy free shipping, and some pet products come with recurring delivery options, which save you even more money.
If you’re already signed up for a warehouse club such as Costco, then you’re already set to take advantage of bulk pricing for certain pet supplies. Pro tip: Head to the pet aisle to pick up a box of 100 pee pads — it’s the best deal in town.
Read More: A surprise trip to the vet can cost $1,000 or more. Don’t get caught off guard. See how pet insurance can ease the stress — and cost — of caring for fur babies. Protect yourself now
2. Invest in pet insurance
Shutterstock
When covering pet expenses, pet insurance is one of the most useful tools pet owners have. Sure, you’ve got to shell out a certain amount a month, but spending today may save you thousands in the future if your pet becomes injured or ill.
Pet insurance providers — such as Spot Pet Insurance — offer flexible, comprehensive coverage at a monthly rate.
With pet insurance, you can be sure that you have coverage on any given day and can handle surprise vet costs — such as an exam fee, prescription medicine or even cancer treatment — without breaking the bank.
Spot Pet Insurance has flexible offerings based on your needs and the type of pet you have, including accident-only, illness and preventative care plans. With so many options available, you can find the coverage that best suits you and your pet.
3. Come up with a pet budget
Bogdan Sonjachnyj/Shutterstock
Budgeting is an essential part of managing costs, even when it comes to pets. From the moment your furry BFF comes homes to well into their senior years, you can budget and prepare for expected costs.
Even if you’re just starting your search for a pet, you’ll still need to budget — make sure you account for everything from adoption/breeder fees to health care, essential supplies and more.
Develop a budget not only helps you save money, but it also ease stress. A clear expectation of how much your furry family member costs will help with financial planning.
4. Medical prevention
Shutterstock
There are two ways to save money when it comes to your pet’s health. First, pet insurance — such as Spot — is a good way to avoid spending a large sum on an unexpected medical crisis.
You can also work to prevent a health problem before it occurs, which will be a boon to both your wallet and your pet’s well-being.
Doing what you can to keep your pet as healthy as possible will reduce the likelihood of a costly medical problem. Make sure your pet is fed a nutritious diet, gets plenty of exercise and receives regular veterinary checkups.
Depending on your chosen coverage, Spot Pet Insurance covers care such as veterinary exams, diagnostic tests, ultrasounds and breed-specific hereditary conditions, to make sure your furry friend stays in good shape.
5. Train your dog at home
Luca Nichetti/Shutterstock German Shepherd training (Sit command)
Seek help from a professional trainer if your dog is extremely reactive, fearful, has deeply ingrained behavioral issues or is stronger than you. But, if you don’t have the means to pay for a dog trainer, then consider using a reward-based system at home.
Reward-based training just means training your dog with treat rewards. This also happens to be the Humane Society’s preferred positive and cruelty-free training method.
One simple example of reward-based training is teaching your dog to sit before giving him his meal. YouTube now has an amazing selection of free positive-reinforcement training resources.
6. Groom your pet at home
Olleg/Shutterstock Getting your long-haired, long-eared, long-nailed pet professionally groomed can cost a lot
Some home grooming is super easy, including brushing your long-haired pet frequently to avoid mats. You also can brush pets’ teeth (which will help save on dental bills), clean their ears and bathe pets at home.
As with dog training, there are some situations when it’s best to call in the professionals. A seriously matted dog, a pet whose nails haven’t been trimmed in years or a fearful animal may best be handled by a pro.
If you groom your pet at home, keep things positive. Use rewards during and after the process to keep your pet interested and happy. To ensure best results, start handling and grooming your pet when it’s young.
7. Spay or neuter your pet
elwynn/Shutterstock There are many economical, practical, and ethical reasons to spay or neuter your pet
North America has a major pet overpopulation problem, and it’s partly due to unsterilized pets creating unplanned litters. There are many economical and ethical reasons to spay or neuter your pet.
When you leave a male cat intact, it wants to mark territory, find a mate (or 10) and fight with other males. Dogs are more aggressive, and larger breed pooches are more susceptible to cancer when they’re not neutured. Unspayed females of both species mark territory or have pee accidents and must be kept away from males to avoid unplanned litters.
Getting your pet fixed is simply doing your part to reduce the overpopulation problem. And, you’ll save money in numerous ways, such as not having to clean up territory markings or spend on a s lew of pee pads/diapers.
8. DIY toys and treats
Michael Ebardt | Shutterstock
Skip the expensive pet store toys and save your money! Many mass-produced plastic pet toys are poorly constructed and can break easily, potentially becoming a safety hazard. Instead, focus on creating engaging DIY toys that your pets will love just as much, if not more.
For cats, simple household items can provide hours of entertainment. They naturally gravitate toward cardboard boxes which become instant fortresses and paper balls that mimic prey. Dogs are equally content with homemade toys, such as braided fleece blankets or old t-shirts (bonus because they smell like you) that make perfect tug toys, or a secure sock containing an empty water bottle for a satisfying crinkly sound.
During the holidays, I’ve found that homemade dog treats are great to give as gifts to other pet parents. Just add them to a reusable jar or a festive bag, affix a tag and prepare to be the most popular guest in the house. If you’re a treat-making noob, try out this easy peanut butter and pumpkin dog treat recipe. It’s chock full of healty ingredients that are good for dogs and chances are, you’ve got most of them in your kitchen already.
Sources
1. HABRI: How Pets Impact Our Mental Health (May 2, 2024)
Just as recession whispers grow louder and market uncertainty sends investors scrambling, legendary investor Ray Dalio has dropped a potential solution for the fearful seeking safety: an exchange-traded fund (ETF) based on his renowned "All Weather" portfolio strategy.
Launched in collaboration with State Street Global Advisors, the SPDR Bridgewater All Weather ETF (ALLW) aims to shield investors from market volatility through Dalio’s approach that typically allows for only about 30% allocation to stocks.
With fears of an economic downturn mounting, is now the perfect moment to follow Dalio’s cautious footsteps?
Dalio isn’t just any Wall Street investor. He’s the billionaire founder of Bridgewater Associates, one of the world’s largest and most successful hedge funds. Known for his bold insights, impressive track record and investing innovations, he has become a financial guru revered for anticipating crises with uncanny accuracy.
The ETF website says this offering "democratizes access to an innovative take on asset allocation." Bridgewater provides a daily model portfolio to the fund manager that then makes any trades required. From its inception on March 5 to March 31, the assets under management grew to almost $110 million.
Markets are trembling and Dalio’s timing couldn’t be more provocative.
Decoding the All Weather strategy
Created in 1996, Dalio’s All Weather portfolio isn’t flashy; it’s methodical and built for resilience. The approach hinges on risk management through asset diversification designed to perform well in any economic environment – boom, bust, inflation, or deflation. Specifically, Dalio suggests an allocation that looks something like this:
30% stocks: Primarily for growth, but deliberately kept low to limit volatility.
40% long-term bonds and 15% intermediate bonds: Providing stability and cushioning against deflation or economic downturns.
7.5% gold: An inflation hedge and safe haven during crises.
7.5% commodities: Diversification to guard against inflationary spikes.
A peek inside ALLW
The newly launched ALLW ETF appears to follow Dalio’s allocation strategy.
As of the end of March 2025, less than 30% its assets are in equities, namely the SPDR Portfolio S&P 500 ETF (SPLG), the SPDR Portfolio Emerging Markets ETF (SPEM) and the SPDR S&P China ETF (GXC).
The remainder splits among treasury bonds of varying maturities, gold exposure, and diversified commodity positions – echoing Dalio’s classic defensive stance.
In essence, the ALLW ETF is a turnkey version of Dalio’s approach, accessible with just a few clicks rather than requiring individual investors to manage complex allocations manually.
The portfolio has delivered average annual returns of 4.4% in the last decade, compared to around 10% for the S&P 500, according to PortfoliosLab, proving that playing it safe is costly during periods that see stock market exuberance.
Dalio’s approach does have an impressive track record during crises. In his Of Dollars and Data blog, Nick Maggiulli noted the All Weather Portfolio "has more dependable real returns and less severe drawdowns than other traditional portfolios." He found it declined less than the balanced 60/40 (U.S. Stock/Bond) portfolio during the Great Financial Crisis and COVID crash. It also outperformed the S&P 500 and the 60/40 portfolio in a high inflation environment (1970s) and a low growth environment (2000s).
It’s not a universal panacea. Investors should carefully weigh the pros and cons and speak to a financial adviser to decide whether it’s right for them. Let’s consider the advantages first:
Risk management
Maggiulli emphasizes the strategy’s strength, noting it provides peace of mind during market crashes. Its steady returns and lower volatility make it particularly attractive for investors nearing retirement or those with low risk tolerance.
Stress-free investing
The ETF simplifies investing, offering a "set-it-and-forget-it" strategy ideal for investors overwhelmed by managing multiple investments.
Now the risks.
Returns during bull markets
With only around 30% or lower of equity exposure, the All Weather portfolio inevitably lags during strong market rallies. Younger investors with longer investment horizons might find this conservative approach limiting.
Bond and inflation risk
Given current interest rate volatility and inflation uncertainties, heavy exposure to long-term bonds could pose risks if rates rise faster or higher than anticipated.
Lack of personalization
Investing in an ETF removes flexibility for tailored investment decisions. Investors with specific financial goals or ethical investing preferences might find this limiting.
Cost
Investors should consider that the All Weather ETF has an expense ratio of 0.85%, which is much higher than the average fee for funds. The three equity index funds it contains all have much lower expense ratios.
Should you follow Dalio’s lead?
Dalio’s timing certainly raises eyebrows. With an uncertain economy and recession fears intensifying, his conservative, defensive stance might appeal broadly. Maggiulli captures this sentiment succinctly: “This was the key idea for Dalio and Bridgewater – find something that works no matter what the future holds."
For cautious investors, especially those nearing retirement, embracing Dalio’s strategy through ALLW could be an intelligent move, offering stability when markets seem unpredictable. However, younger, more aggressive investors may prefer strategies emphasizing growth, even at higher risk.
Ultimately, the decision to follow Dalio now hinges on your risk tolerance, time horizon, and faith in the market’s immediate future. But one thing’s undeniable: as storm clouds gather over the economic landscape, Dalio’s All Weather ETF may provide a safe harbor in a storm, proving once again why investors worldwide listen closely when he speaks.
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Imagine you’re 27 years old, have no college degree and have been working a desk job you hate for three years. You’re looking at decades more in the workforce doing a job you can’t stand — but you’re making $22 per hour plus benefits, so you’re doing OK financially.
One day, the volunteer program you’ve been working for offers you your dream job doing something you’d adore with people you like — but you’d be paid just $15.50 per hour without any benefits. You can afford to take the pay cut because you live with your parents and can get health insurance subsidies, but there’s little potential for career growth and a long commute.
In this situation, would you — and should you — take your dream job? Or should you stick it out in your current career to make more money?
Here’s how to decide what to do if you’re facing this decision — or any other scenario where you have to decide whether to take a pay cut to improve your work satisfaction.
What you need to consider
If you’re trying to decide whether to accept a low-paying dream job, the first and most important consideration is whether you can live on the money you’d make at the job. If you can’t easily cover your living costs, taking the job doesn’t make sense. Jobs are meant to fund your lifestyle, and you don’t want to lock yourself into a life where you’re in debt or struggle constantly.
If the job would allow you to cover your current bills, but you’re single and live with your parents right now, you also need to think about the future. Would you still be able to live on the salary you’re earning if you decided to move out, get married or have kids? If not, are you OK with potentially needing to reroute once again later down the line?
Looking at your long-term job prospects is important too. Are there opportunities for salary increases, or will you be making a low wage forever? Will the job help you learn transferable skills so you could transition to a higher-paying industry, or are you limiting earning potential for life? And are you OK with lower Social Security benefits, as those are based on average wages?
You may want to try calculating what your net worth would be five years from now with your current pay and possible lower pay to get a hypothetical picture of the future.
Finally, consider what’s going to make you the happiest. If loving your work is really important to you, and you’re confident the job will give you lots of professional fulfillment, you may want to take it. However, if you hate driving and it’s a long commute, or if you’ll have to significantly cut your budget, you may end up unhappy despite the job.
Thinking about which path is going to bring you the most joy allows you to decide if it’s money or job fulfillment that you want to prioritize.
If you’re committed to taking your ideal job despite a low pay rate, there are steps you can explore to keep your finances stable.
First, you should try to negotiate the salary. According to a 2023 Pew Research Center survey, 28% of Americans who asked for higher wages were given the amount they asked for and 38% got less than requested, but were still paid more than their original offer.
If you can’t get a higher salary, finding supplemental sources of income (such as working overtime or working a side gig) could make it possible to take the lower-paying job without derailing your finances. Just consider whether this is sustainable, though, because having your ideal career but having to work a second job to make ends meet may become a burden.
Adjusting your budget to live on less is another option. You can look into government benefits to stretch your money, such as Affordable Care Act insurance subsidies, or the Earned Income Tax Credit, which allows some low- and moderate-income taxpayers to save on taxes and potentially get more back in their refund.
If you can find solutions like this to make the numbers work, you may decide that taking your perfect job is worth the sacrifice. Just remember to think about the big picture and consider your long-term happiness and financial stability before you decide.
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Construction costs started surging in anticipation of tariffs — and they could get worse amid the latest round of tariff announcements. That translates into higher costs for new condos and homes.
“We’re seeing [subcontractors] throw an additional cushion into their numbers anticipating tariffs,” Related Group CEO Jon Paul Pérez told CNBC.
“It could be as much as 20%, depending on what material they’re getting from another country.”
The billionaire developer told CNBC that contractors bidding on seven of its projects are raising their prices, driven by the anticipation of higher costs.
A tariff on imported goods — in this case, construction supplies like softwood lumber sourced from Canada and gypsum (for drywall) sourced from Mexico, means higher costs that are either absorbed by builders or passed onto consumers.
How tariffs are impacting the construction industry
The cost of housing has been on the rise — and it’s not just because of tariffs. Supply chain issues and previous tariffs have had a negative impact on the construction industry for several years.
“The cost of building materials has already risen by 34% since December 2020, which is far higher than the rate of inflation,” notes the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB). In a March 2025 survey, it estimates that recent tariff actions could increase the price of a typical home by $9,200.
On April 2, President Donald Trump announced sweeping tariffs, including a baseline of 10% for all trading partners and 25% on all imported cars. He also announced “reciprocal” tariffs on trading partners with large trade imbalances, which includes the European Union (at a rate of 20%) and China (at a rate of 34%).
There were no additional tariffs on Canada and Mexico, but tariffs of 25% remain on goods that aren’t covered by the Canada-United-States-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA).
Contractors reacted by raising their prices in anticipation of those tariffs.
“Proposed new tariffs on China, Canada and Mexico are projected to raise the cost of imported construction materials by more than $3 billion,” according to NAHB, and some critical supplies could see dramatic increases that “could substantially impact builders’ ability to deliver new projects.”
Another factor to consider is the crackdown on immigration, which could have an inflationary effect on the construction industry — which relies heavily on foreign-born workers.
So, what can condo buyers do in today’s market? Here are 3 smart financial moves.
Mortgage rates fluctuate for a number of reasons, from supply and demand to economic pressures (a downturn, for example, could result in lower rates to spur growth). The mortgage market also tends to follow movements in the Federal Reserve’s key borrowing rate.
If you’re worried that rates will rise between the time you make an offer and closing, an option is to lock in financing with a mortgage rate lock. This provides a fixed rate for a set period of time (typically between 30 to 60 days, but possibly longer). Some lenders will offer this for free, but others may charge a fee.
The flipside is if interest rates drop, then you’re stuck with the higher locked-in rate. Some lenders may offer a ‘float-down provision’ so you can secure the lower rate if it drops by a certain amount, but there’s usually a fee for this.
2. Explore new construction incentives
Another option is to consider buying a pre-construction condo, which means it’s still being built. Homebuilders may offer incentives to attract potential buyers and to persuade them to sign a contract — and it’s possible we could see more of these types of incentives if the market slows.
In 2022, for example, when the market rapidly slowed during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, builders used sales incentives to boost sales and limit cancellations. According to NAHB, 59% of builders offered some kind of incentive, such as paying closing costs or fees, offering options or upgrades at low or no extra cost and offering mortgage rate buydowns.
If you’re looking at new construction, it’s always worth asking about incentives.
3. Consider alternative financing
You also have options beyond a traditional mortgage. For example, there are a number of government-backed loans available if you meet certain criteria. These include:
FHA loans: Offered by certain banks, these loans usually require a smaller down payment than a traditional loan, and they’re insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). If your credit score is preventing you from a traditional loan, this may be an option.
VA loans: If you’re a vet, active-duty service member or eligible spouse, a VA loan can provide perks such as no down payment and no private mortgage insurance requirements.
USDA loans: If you’re looking to buy a home in a rural area and you meet income requirements (for low to moderate-income homebuyers), a USDA loan may offer more competitive interest rates than a traditional rate and options for no down payment.
There’s also down payment assistance (DPA) programs offered by state and local governments, which are low-interest or deferred-payment loans to help first-time homeowners cover down payments.
Other options include owner financing (where you buy direct from the seller and pay the seller back in installments rather than going through a bank) and rent-to-own (where you rent the property before buying it at the end of the lease). These types of arrangements can be complex, so you’ll want to consult with a real estate attorney before proceeding.
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My dog lives like a king. And he’s grown accustomed to this lavish lifestyle. From the time I purchased him from a breeder ($1,000), to expected and unexpected vet bills, grooming costs and an extensive (and impressive) wardrobe, let’s just say that I’m glad that I started budgeting for him well before he came into my home. He’s a pure-bred dog — a Japanese Chin — and one that’s not that common. But even with the rarity of his breed, he doesn’t even come close to making the list of the most expensive dog breeds in Canada.
Expensive dog breed costs and characteristics
In Canada, over the course of a dog’s lifetime, your pooch could cost you $22,000 to a whopping $83,000, depending on your dog’s breed and services required.
The cost of owning a large dog breed tends to be significantly higher than smaller breeds. This is due to several factors, including higher insurance premiums related to potential health issues common in larger dogs, increased food costs due to greater dietary needs and more expensive equipment requirements. Large breeds need heavy-duty supplies such as durable toys, sturdy leashes and robust harnesses to accommodate their size and strength.
Pet parents may face higher costs for certain types of dogs due to breed-specific characteristics and market factors. Some of the most expensive dog breeds to own include:
Large breeds that typically require more extensive medical care and diagnostics
Dogs from irresponsible breeding practices that may develop costly health issues
High-energy working breeds requiring significant investment in training and enrichment
Breeds prone to genetic conditions that often need surgical intervention
Large dogs with intensive grooming requirements
Popular breeds commanding premium prices due to popularity
While it’s impossible to predict the total lifetime cost of any dog, you can make informed decisions about initial expenses, particularly during the puppy phase. For those with the financial resources and who really, really want a dog (and won’t let a little thing like money get in the way of pet parenthood), I’ve listed some of the most expensive dog breeds available in Canada.
For this list, I considered the average purchase cost, anticipated vet bills from breed health issues and projected pet insurance costs. These are considered to be the more popular breeds in Canada, so I left uber-expensive-to-purchase and rare breeds, such as the Tibetan Mastiff and Afghan Hound, off the list.
Read More: A surprise trip to the vet can cost $1,000 or more. Don’t get caught off guard. See how pet insurance can ease the stress — and cost — of caring for fur babies. Protect yourself now
Top 15 most expensive dog breeds
French Bulldog (Average purchase cost: $4,000 to $6,000)
Anna Giraldo | Shutterstock
The French Bulldog, known for its playful personality, emerged in 19th century England when lacemakers (yes, this was a real, old timey job, where people made lace) sought to create a smaller companion version of the English Bulldog. These charming dogs found their way to France during the Industrial Revolution, where they earned their namesake and eventually captured the hearts of the rest of the world.
While French Bulldogs command premium prices in today’s market — particularly for specialized colourings and the rare ‘fluffy’ variant which can cost up to $12,000 — potential owners should be aware of significant health considerations. As a brachycephalic breed (refers to dog breeds with a pushed-in face and shortened skull bones) characterized by their flat faces, these dogs frequently experience respiratory issues that may require corrective surgery, typically costing between $2,000 and $3,000. Additionally, they are susceptible to various ear, skin and eye conditions. Given their average lifespan of 10 to 12 years, owners should be prepared for substantial veterinary expenses throughout their pet’s life.
Samoyed (Average purchase cost: $4,000 to $8,000)
Zanna Pesnina | Shutterstock
The Samoyed, originating from the Samoyedic people of Siberia, is a versatile working breed historically used for herding reindeer and pulling sleds. These hardy dogs were essential companions to the nomadic tribes of the region, helping them survive in harsh Arctic conditions.
Known for their distinctive "Sammy smile" and bright, friendly personality, Samoyeds combine strength and athleticism with a gentle, sociable nature. While they typically live 12 to 14 years, potential owners should note that this breed requires significant investment in both time and resources. Their thick, white double coat needs regular professional grooming, and their high energy levels demand consistent exercise and mental stimulation.
English Bulldog (Average purchase cost: $2,000 to $6,000)
Irene Miller | Shutterstock
The English Bulldog, with its distinctive wrinkled face and charming personality, has history dating back to medieval England. Originally developed for the now-banned sport of bull baiting (pitting a bull against dogs with the aim of attacking and subduing the bull by biting and holding onto its nose or neck), these beloved dogs have transformed into gentle, affectionate family companions that command premium prices in today’s pet market.
While English Bulldogs are known for their friendly and humourous personalities, potential owners should be aware of their specific health challenges. Like their French Bulldog cousins, they often experience brachycephalic issues due to their shortened muzzles. Other common health concerns include cherry eye (a common eye condition in dogs that causes a red, swollen bulge to appear in the corner of the eye) and various skin conditions. Due to these potential health issues, it’s crucial for prospective owners to research thoroughly and work with reputable breeders. With proper care and good genetics, English Bulldogs typically live between 8 to 10 years.
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel (Average purchase cost: $2,000 to $3,500)
Inheart | Shutterstock
The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, a cherished companion breed with royal heritage, represents one of the more costly small dog breeds available today. These elegant dogs, which gained particular fame during Queen Victoria’s reign, continue to be sought-after family pets thanks to their gentle nature and adaptable personality.
While these beautiful dogs make wonderful companions, potential owners should be aware of several health considerations. Common issues include luxating patella, a condition where the kneecap dislocates from its normal position. Additionally, veterinarians recommend screening for Chiari malformation and Syringomyelia, serious conditions affecting the brain and spinal cord. Despite these health challenges, well-cared-for Cavaliers typically enjoy lifespans of 12 to 15 years.
Staffordshire Bull Terrier (Average purchase cost: $2,000 to $4,000)
Mary Swift | Shutterstock
The Staffordshire Bull Terrier has come a long way from its fighting origins. Through selective breeding, this powerful and athletic breed has evolved into a gentle family companion that particularly excels at interacting with children. While the breed still maintains its historical courage and determination, these traits are now channeled into being a loyal and affectionate pet.
The Staffordshire Bull Terrier is typically a robust and healthy breed. However, like many purebred dogs, they can be prone to certain health conditions. The most common health issues seen in Staffies include hip and elbow dysplasia, hereditary juvenile cataracts and skin problems.
Irish Wolfhound (Average purchase cost: $1,500 to $3,000)
84kamila | Shutterstock
These majestic dogs have a fascinating origin story that dates back to 15th century Ireland, where they served as protectors of livestock, keeping wolves at bay. In modern times, Irish Wolfhounds have evolved into beloved family pets, known for their gentle demeanour, unwavering loyalty and calm disposition. With proper training and care, they make exceptional companions.
However, potential owners should be aware that these magnificent dogs come with significant responsibilities. Their impressive size translates to higher maintenance costs throughout their relatively short lifespan of six to eight years, not to mention the substantial initial purchase price. Irish Wolfhounds are predisposed to several health issues, including cardiac problems, liver conditions and progressive vision problems. Due to their remarkable size, these gentle giants require spacious living arrangements, ideally with access to a large yard where they can stretch their legs and enjoy regular exercise.
Bernese Mountain Dog (Average purchase cost: $1,000 to $2,500)
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The Bernese Mountain Dog, affectionately known as the Berner, is a gentle giant that captures hearts with its loving nature and impressive versatility. These majestic dogs are among the most sought-after breeds, commanding premium prices due to their exceptional qualities and characteristics.
The Berner has several health concerns that potential owners should be aware of. These include hip dysplasia, various forms of cancer (particularly bone cancer and lymphoma) and joint problems. To minimize the risk of these health issues, it’s crucial to work with a reputable breeder who conducts proper health screenings and maintains a responsible breeding program. A quality breeder will provide health clearances for both parent dogs and be transparent about the breed’s health challenges.
Chow Chow (Average purchase cost: $1,200 to $2,000)
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The impressive Chow Chow, known for its distinctive lion-like appearance, offers an appealing combination of affordability and noble bearing. While initial purchase costs are relatively modest compared to other prestigious breeds, potential owners should carefully consider the long-term commitment.
These dignified dogs have moderate exercise requirements, making them suitable for less active households. However, their thick double coat demands significant grooming attention. Future owners should also prioritize early training and socialization to ensure their Chow Chow develops into a well-adjusted companion. With proper care, these loyal guardians typically enjoy a lifespan of 8 to 12 years.
Newfoundland (Average purchase cost: $1,000 to $2,500)
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The Newfoundland dog is renowned for its gentle and laid-back personality, making it one of the most easygoing breeds you’ll ever meet. These loving giants are famous for their exceptional patience with children and their friendly demeanor towards other dogs. Their exercise needs are modest — a relaxing daily walk is all they need to stay happy and healthy.
Newfoundland dogs can be prone to a number of health issues, including hip and elbow dysplasia, bloat, cystinuria (an inherited metabolic disorder in dogs that affects the transport of certain amino acids, including cystine, in the kidneys), hypothyroidism, osteosarcoma and heart disease.
Saint Bernard (Average purchase cost: $1,000 to $1,500)
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This gentle giant from the Swiss Alps starts as an energetic, mischievous puppy before maturing into a devoted and protective family companion. Their natural affinity with children has earned them the nickname “nanny dogs,” making them excellent additions to family homes when properly trained and socialized.
These massive dogs come with equally big responsibilities. Their hearty appetites mean significant food costs, while their thick double coats require consistent grooming to prevent loose fur from taking over your living space. As with other large purebred dogs, Saint Bernards can be prone to joint issues like hip and elbow dysplasia. Potential owners should also note their relatively short lifespan of eight to 10 years, typical for dogs of this size.
German Shepherd (Average purchase cost: $2,000 to $3,500)
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The German Shepherd stands as a pinnacle of canine excellence, combining strength, agility and intelligence in a powerful yet elegant package. Renowned for their versatility and noble bearing, these dogs exemplify the perfect blend of working ability and devoted companionship, making them highly sought-after among dog enthusiasts.
While German Shepherds are remarkable animals, potential owners should be aware of several health conditions that can affect the breed. These include hip dysplasia (a skeletal condition affecting the hip joint), Degenerative Myelopathy (a progressive disease of the spinal cord), bloat (a life-threatening stomach condition) and various allergies that may require ongoing management.
Great Dane (Average purchase cost: $1,000 to $3,500)
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Known for their impressive stature and gentle demeanour, Great Danes have evolved from their historical roles as hunters and guardians into beloved family companions. These intelligent gentle giants form strong bonds with their families and excel in training when given proper guidance and consistency.
Health-conscious owners should prioritize screening for common breed issues including hip and elbow dysplasia and various eye conditions. Though their lifespan is relatively short at seven to 10 years, Great Danes fill those years with unwavering loyalty and affection.
Rottweiler (Average purchase cost: $1,500 to $2,500)
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The Rottweiler’s heritage can be traced back to ancient Rome, making it one of the oldest dog breeds still in existence. These powerful yet gentle giants have earned a reputation as loyal family guardians, with a typical lifespan of nine to 10 years. To ensure they become well-adjusted companions, it’s crucial to begin training and socialization efforts early, which helps shape their natural protective instincts in a positive way.
As with many purebred dogs, Rottweilers can face certain health challenges, particularly cardiac issues and joint problems such as elbow and hip dysplasia. Given their robust build and high energy levels, these distinguished dogs require significant daily exercise, consistent training and dedicated attention from their owners. While they may be considered a premium breed in terms of cost, their devotion and capabilities make them a worthwhile companion for the right family.
Portuguese Water Dog (Average purchase cost: $2,000 to $4,000)
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The Portuguese Water Dog’s irresistible curly coat has made them a popular choice among pet parents looking for a low-shedding breed. While their tight curls won’t leave your home covered in fur, their coats require dedicated grooming maintenance.
Like many purebred dog breeds, Portuguese Water Dogs are at a higher risk for certain genetic conditions. Be sure to get your dog tested for early-onset progressive retinal atrophy (a group of inherited eye disorders that leads to progressive and irreversible loss of vision), Juvenile Dilated Cardiomyopathy (a fatal heart disease that affects young dogs), Gangliosidosis (a lysosomal storage disease that affects dogs when they lack an enzyme that breaks down a molecule in their brain and neural cells), hip dysplasia (a common orthopedic condition that affects the hip joint) and Addison’s Disease (an endocrine disorder that occurs when the adrenal glands fail to produce sufficient amounts of the hormones cortisol and aldosterone).
Golden Retriever (Average purchase cost: $1,500 to $2,000)
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These intelligent dogs excel in multiple roles, from providing invaluable assistance as therapy and service animals to showcasing their skills in competitive events and maintaining their hunting heritage in the field. Their adaptability is matched only by their outstanding personality traits — combining a gentle nature with unwavering loyalty and an earnest desire to please their human companions.
While beloved family companions, Golden Retrievers are prone to several health conditions that can affect their quality of life. These dogs commonly experience musculoskeletal issues, including hip dysplasia and arthritis, which can impact their mobility and comfort. Additionally, they are susceptible to skin allergies and various eye conditions that require regular monitoring and treatment.
One of the most concerning health challenges facing Golden Retrievers is their increased risk of developing cancer compared to other dog breeds. Despite these health challenges, Golden Retrievers typically live between 12 to 13 years, during which they provide their families with unwavering loyalty and affection.
As the busy spring mortgage season gets underway, many Canadian homeowners are approaching renewal time with more questions than answers. The mortgage landscape is in flux: fixed rates are starting to trend downward, offering a glimmer of relief after years of climbing costs, while variable-rate options are slower to retreat in response to broader market conditions.
For those set to renew in the coming months, understanding what’s happening — and why — is key to making confident, informed choices about one of their biggest financial commitments.
Fixed rates decline amid lender competition
Recent data shows a notable decrease in fixed mortgage rates. In the past week alone, many banks and monoline lenders have reduced their three- and five-year fixed rates by 10 to 20 basis points. This trend is attributed to falling bond yields and intensified competition among lenders during the bustling spring market. With high-ratio fixed rates dipping below 4% for the first time in months, a pricing war is on the horizon.
Variable rates present a complex scenario
Conversely, the variable-rate mortgage landscape is much more intricate. Despite the Bank of Canada’s recent 25 basis point reduction in the overnight rate, lenders are lessening discounts off the prime rate, effectively making new variable-rate mortgages more expensive. This adjustment is influenced by widening credit spreads, where the cost of borrowing for lenders increases relative to government bond yields. Consequently, even as bond yields fall, lenders may reduce variable-rate discounts to maintain profit margins.
Preparing for potential payment increases
!approximately 1.2 million mortgages in Canada are set to renew in 2025, representing over $300 billion in mortgage debt. A recent survey by Royal LePage revealed that 57% of homeowners renewing in 2025 anticipate an increase in their monthly payments. Among these, 22% expect a significant rise, while 35% foresee a slight uptick. This expectation stems from the fact that many of these mortgages were secured when the Bank of Canada’s key policy rate was at historically low levels.
RBC projects that borrowers renewing in 2025, with an average current rate of 3.60%, could experience an average monthly payment increase of $513, or 22%. This underscores the importance of proactive financial planning for those nearing renewal.
Strategies for homeowners approaching renewal
Given current market conditions, homeowners should consider the following tips:
Assess your financial situation: Take a look at your current income, expenses and any potential shortfalls to determine how much of a payment increase your budget can handle.
Understand rate options: While fixed rates are decreasing, variable rates are subject to lender adjustments. Consider your risk tolerance and financial stability when deciding between the two.
Explore shorter-term fixed rates: Opting for a shorter-term fixed rate can provide flexibility, allowing you to renegotiate sooner if rates continue to evolve. This strategy can be particularly beneficial if you anticipate further rate decreases in the near future.
Consult with a mortgage professional: Meet with a mortgage broker or financial advisor for personalized insights and explore products that align with your financial goals.
Prepare for potential payment shocks: If an increase in monthly payments is unavoidable, adjust your budget accordingly. This may involve reducing discretionary spending or finding additional income sources to manage the higher payments.
The bottom line
As the mortgage landscape shifts, staying informed and proactive is essential. By understanding market trends and evaluating personal financial circumstances, homeowners can navigate their mortgage renewals with confidence and strategic foresight.
This article provides information only and should not be construed as advice. It is provided without warranty of any kind.
The decision to retire is rarely an easy one. Giving up your career means more than just losing a steady paycheck — it can also mean giving up part of your identity and upending your routine.
With a 43-year work history, you’re obviously contemplating a retirement date. After all, you’re tired and you’re old enough to claim Social Security benefits, albeit at a reduced rate. You may also be eager to kick off retirement at a time when your health is in solid shape.
However, there can be advantages to holding off on retirement and working a few additional years, so it’s important to look at the big picture when making your choice.
How to narrow down your retirement date
Retiring too early could mean leaving your job at a time when you’re not financially or emotionally secure. However, retiring past the traditional age could mean missing out on things you’ve always wanted to do in your golden years.
There are a number of things you should consider when deciding when to retire. First, think about Social Security, and whether you’ll need to claim benefits right away if you retire.
If you were born in 1960 or later, which is the case if you’re 62 now, your complete Social Security benefit won’t be available to you until age 67 — otherwise known as your full retirement age (FRA).
You can file as early as age 62, but your benefits will be reduced if you don’t wait until FRA. The closer you get to FRA, the less of a reduction you’ll face.
You should also think about health insurance, since that’s something you need to have at any age.
According to Fidelity, a 65-year-old who retired in 2023 can expect to spend an average of $165,000 in health care and medical expenses throughout retirement.
“Health care costs are among the most unpredictable expenses, especially when it comes to retirement planning,” said Robert Kennedy, SVP, workplace consulting at Fidelity.
Medicare eligibility generally does not begin until age 65. If you retire sooner, and your health insurance is tied to your job, you might end up spending a lot of money to put coverage in place.
You’ll need to research options, like COBRA, which allows you to retain your old employer coverage for a period of time, or a health insurance marketplace plan to see what the costs entail.
In addition, it’s important to examine your finances and see what the numbers look like. AARP found that 20% of Americans ages 50 and over have no retirement savings. The median retirement account balance of households of those ages 55 to 64 was only $185,000 as of 2022, per the Federal Reserve.
However, a 2024 Northwestern Mutual survey found that Americans believe it takes $1.46 million to pull off a comfortable retirement. So, you’ll need to see where your savings fall and what sort of annual income your nest egg might allow for.
If you’re sitting on $1 million, for example, you can use the popular 4% rule to arrive at an annual income of about $40,000. You may decide you can live comfortably on that, in addition to whatever Social Security pays you. But if not, that’s a good reason to work longer and save more.
Also, think about how much debt you have (if any).
In 2024, 68% of retirees with debt reported having credit card debt outstanding, according to the Employee Benefits Research Institute. High-interest debt like that could eat up a big chunk of your retirement income, so you may want to try to hold off on ending your career until your credit card balances are gone.
Finally, think about the non-financial side of retirement. Many people end their careers only to wind up lost. If you’re not sure how you’ll fill your days in retirement, you may want to keep working longer – even if you can afford to stop now.
What’s the ideal age to retire?
A recent MassMutual survey found that on average 63 is the ideal age for retirement, according to both retirees and pre-retirees. Nearly half (48%) of retirees said they retired earlier than planned, most commonly due to changes at work (33%) or being able to afford to retire sooner than expected (28%). Other reasons for retiring early include illness/injury (25%), to relax and enjoy more free time (25%) and burnout (17%). Only 10% of retirees retired later than planned, with the most common reasons being to increase their wealth during retirement (41%) and satisfaction with their job (38%).
The decision to retire is a very personal one. So, a good bet is to think about how you feel about working versus retiring.
If you love your job and are someone who thrives on being busy, then you may not want to retire in the next year or two. Similarly, if you feel your savings could use a boost, working a bit longer could help pad your nest egg.
Effective this year, there’s a super catch-up contribution limit available for 401(k) savers ages 60 to 63. It allows you to put in an extra $11,250 instead of the $7,500 available to workers 50 and over.
On the other hand, if you’re miserable at your job and it’s a source of stress, you may want to consider retiring this year or next if you can afford to. Even if you like your job, if there are things you want to do in retirement that you fear you won’t be able to do a few years down the line, like take a six-month backpacking trip, that’s another reason to consider ending your career sooner as long as the finances work.
If you’re really torn, you may want to talk to a financial adviser and get their guidance. A finance professional can help you understand the pros and cons of retiring at various points so you can feel more confident in your decision.
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Barbara Lipsky of Brighton, New York, knew something was wrong when she noticed several charges by E-ZPass — an electronic toll collection system — on her credit card in January and February. After four charges of $25 each, she decided to contact E-ZPass for an explanation.
When the E-ZPass representative opened Lipsky’s account to investigate, the woman started laughing.
“I asked, ‘What’s so funny?’” Lipsky recounted to News10NBC in a story published March 19. “She says, ‘Well, I just saw the picture. It’s a state police car with your license plate.’”
The license plate in question is 1M20, which somehow also got assigned to a state trooper vehicle. According to the local broadcaster, each time the state police car drove into Manhattan’s congestion pricing zone, it triggered the E-ZPass system — except Lipsky was the one charged. Brighton, it should be noted, is a five-and-a-half hour drive from Manhattan.
In total, Lipsky was charged nearly $150 by E-ZPass.
How did this mix-up happen?
Lipsky says her late husband originally received the 1M20 plate in the 1960s and she still uses it today. But somewhere along the line, a state police vehicle was issued the same license plate — something that isn’t supposed to happen.
The broadcaster says it received a statement from New York’s Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) explaining that when state police request a new fleet vehicle plate, they’re supposed to verify with the agency that the number isn’t already in use. But there was a mix-up in this case, and it had real consequences.
“It’s just spooky. It’s upsetting. It’s inconvenient. It’s all those things. And it’s starting to really cost me money,” Lipsky said.
Thankfully, after bringing up her case, News10NBC reports the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) will reverse all charges against Lipsky. She was dinged 16 times for $144. The DMV also says it’s working to replace the state police vehicle’s duplicative license plate.
In a strange twist, state police told News10NBC the MTA has wrongly charged state police vehicles — which area supposed to be exempt from congestion pricing — upwards of $13,000 since the beginning of the year for driving in the Manhattan toll zone.
How to protect yourself from erroneous toll charges
Mistakes like this are rare — but they still happen. Whether it’s a plate mix-up, a misread toll camera or the act of a fraudster, it’s important to catch these types of problems quickly and know how to resolve them.
Monitor your cards and toll pass accounts
Keep an eye on both your E-ZPass (or other toll accounts, like SunPass) and the credit card on file. Reviewing statements regularly will help you catch issues early.
Gather evidence
Collect any evidence, such as screenshots or toll photos from your account (if you have access to them) bank statements and photos of your car. Having evidence ready before you call to complain can help speed up the resolution.
Contact the toll agency
Each region has a different toll authority. Be prepared to explain the situation, provide any evidence and follow up if you don’t get a timely response.
Set up alerts for your cards
Some banks let you set up alerts for purchases over a certain amount or for specific vendors. These notifications can help you catch not just toll issues but also other types of fraud.
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Economists, traders and industry leaders are worried about the impact of President Donald Trump’s policies. So it’s no wonder the average American is worried as well.
A stock market correction — like the one happening now — might be good for billionaires who see it as a buying opportunity. But for the average American? Not so great, as they watch their 401(k)s decline in value.
Tariffs, trade wars, and cuts to government programs have many Americans worried about what Trump’s policies will do to their finances — and their retirement savings. Only 4 in 10 voters view his handling of trade and the economy favorably, according to an AP-NORC poll.
Consumers’ expectations for the future fell for a fourth consecutive month, reaching a 12-year low of 65.2, according to the most recent Conference Board Consumer Confidence Survey. That’s “well below the threshold of 80 that usually signals a recession ahead.”
These findings suggest that “worries about the economy and labor market have started to spread into consumers’ assessments of their personal situations,” said Stephanie Guichard, senior economist of global indicators at The Conference Board.
These fears may be justified, given some of Trump’s proposals. One such proposal, reiterated by U.S. Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick to Fox News, is to replace income taxes with tariffs.
Although it’s difficult to accurately quantify the effects of Trump’s tariffs at this point, research has shown that his 2018 tariffs resulted in price increases for goods subject to the tariffs, hurt U.S. GDP, cost jobs and reduced real income by about $674 per household.
Analysis by the Peterson Institute for International Economics (PIIE), an independent and non-partisan research group, also shows that price increases from tariffs will hurt middle- and lower income Americans the most. And, if used to replace income taxes, the middle quintile of income earners — defined as those earning on average $74,730 — would see a reduction in net after-tax income while top earners would see an increase.
And In their most recent Summary of Economic Projections (SEP), Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) participants downgraded their expectations for GDP and increased their forecast for inflation. There’s “already at least a whiff of stagflation right now” in the U.S., Richard Clarida, global economic advisor at Pacific Investment Management (Pimco), told Bloomberg Surveillance.
Along with higher prices, consumers are also concerned about cuts to social services, including their Social Security and Medicaid benefits.
While Trump has said several times that he’s not going to touch these, dramatic cuts to the Social Security Administration (SSA) could lead to “system collapse and interruption of benefits,” Martin O’Malley, former commissioner of the SSA, told CNBC — a move that some believe will be used to justify privatization.
In 2025, almost 69 million Americans per month will receive a Social Security benefit, according to the SSA. But DOGE is cutting 12% of the Social Security Administration (SSA) workforce, consolidating regional offices (from 10 to four) and closing 45 field offices, which is expected to impact service levels.
3 steps to safeguard your finances
If you’re looking for ways to safeguard your financial future, here are three ways to shore up your finances right now:
Protect your income: Now is a good time to make sure you can weather shocks, including reduced income or unemployment. If you don’t already have one, build an emergency fund. Given the prospects for the economy, set aside enough to cover at least six months of expenses — and, if you think it could be hard to find a new job in your field, set aside a year’s worth. As you’re saving, it’s also a good time to pay down any debt you may have (like that credit card bill) in case you’re not able to pay it back right away should you lose your main source of income. You might also want to review your insurance coverage with a qualified broker to mitigate risks should you need to tap on coverage in the event of an emergency.
Save, save, save: With rising prices, it could be harder to save for retirement. But, to the extent possible, save as much now as you can. Revisit your financial plan with an advisor to see what you need to save — particularly if you’re highly dependent on your Social Security benefit. If income taxes were to disappear, tax-deferred accounts would likely disappear with them — but in the meantime, try to max out the employer contribution on your 401(k) and use top-ups if you’re over 50 and qualify. Create a budget that helps you find some money to put away each month and hold off on large purchases (you’ll thank yourself later).
Make sure your money is working as hard as it can for you: Speak to your financial advisor about stagflation-proofing your portfolio and reducing the impacts of tariffs. This likely means greater diversification into different assets — and potentially alternative assets — and into wider geographies to reduce exposure to the U.S. and countries most affected by U.S. tariffs.
Big changes may be coming to the U.S. economy, and while we’ve yet to see if the promised benefits will take root in the long run, we do know the short-term pain may be an indication of things to come.
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